what is th decimal place next to the decimal sign

Numerical symbol

"Decimal flow" redirects hither. For the period of a repeating decimal fraction, see Repeating decimal.

Both a comma and a period (or full-terminate) are generally accepted decimal separators for international use.

Three ways to grouping the number ten thousand with digit group separators.
1) Space, the internationally recommended thousands separator.
two) Menstruum (or full stop), the thousands separator used in many non-English speaking countries.
3) Comma, the thousands separator used in near English-speaking countries.

A decimal separator is a symbol used to split up the integer office from the fractional function of a number written in decimal grade (e.g., "." in 12.45). Different countries officially designate different symbols for use as the separator. The pick of symbol also affects the choice of symbol for the thousands separator used in digit group.

Whatever such symbol tin exist chosen a decimal marking, decimal marker, or decimal sign. Symbol-specific names are as well used; decimal indicate and decimal comma refer to an (either baseline or centre) dot and comma respectively, when it is used equally a decimal separator; these are the usual terms used in English,^{[ane] [two] [3]} with the same generic terms reserved for abstruse usage.^{[4] [5]}

In many contexts, when a number is spoken, the function of the separator is assumed by the spoken name of the symbol: comma or point in about cases.^{[6] [ii] [7]} In some specialized contexts, the discussion decimal is instead used for this purpose (such equally in International Civil Aviation Organization-regulated air traffic control communications). In mathematics, the decimal separator is a type of radix point, a term that also applies to number systems with bases other than ten.

History [edit]

In the Eye Ages, from the original Indian decimal writing,^{[ citation needed ]} before printing, a bar ( ¯ ) over the units digit was used to separate the integral part of a number from its fractional part, every bit in 9995 (meaning 99.95 in decimal indicate format). A similar notation remains in common employ as an underbar to superscript digits, especially for budgetary values without a decimal separator, equally in 99 ⁹⁵ . Later on, a "separatrix" (i.e., a curt, roughly vertical ink stroke) between the units and tenths position became the norm amidst Arab mathematicians (e.chiliad. 99ˌ95), while an L-shaped or vertical bar (|) served every bit the separatrix in England.^[viii] When this character was typeset, it was convenient to use the existing comma (99,95) or total stop (99.95) instead.

Positional decimal fractions appear for the outset time in a book past the Arab mathematician Abu'l-Hasan al-Uqlidisi written in the 10th century.^[9] The do is ultimately derived from the decimal Hindu–Standard arabic numeral system used in Indian mathematics,^[ten] and popularized by the Persian mathematician Al-Khwarizmi,^[xi] when Latin translation of his piece of work on the Indian numerals introduced the decimal positional number system to the Western world. His Compendious Book on Calculation past Completion and Balancing presented the beginning systematic solution of linear and quadratic equations in Arabic.

Gerbert of Aurillac marked triples of columns with an arc (called a "Pythagorean arc"), when using his Hindu–Arabic numeral-based abacus in the tenth century. Fibonacci followed this convention when writing numbers, such as in his influential work Liber Abaci in the 13th century.^[12] Tables of logarithms prepared by John Napier in 1614 and 1619 used the period (full stop) equally the decimal separator, which was then adopted past Henry Briggs in his influential 17th century work.

In France, the full end was already in utilize in printing to brand Roman numerals more readable, then the comma was chosen.^[13] Many other countries, such as Italy, also chose to use the comma to mark the decimal units position.^[xiii] It has been fabricated standard by the ISO for international blueprints.^[14] Nonetheless, English-speaking countries took the comma to split sequences of iii digits. In some countries, a raised dot or dash ( upper comma ) may exist used for grouping or decimal separator; this is peculiarly common in handwriting.

In the U.s., the total terminate or period (.) was used as the standard decimal separator.

The interpunct (·) used equally a decimal separator in a British print from 1839^[15]

In the nations of the British Empire (and, later, the Republic of Nations), the full cease could be used in typewritten textile and its utilize was not banned, although the interpunct (a.k.a. decimal point, signal or mid dot) was preferred every bit a decimal separator, in printing technologies that could accommodate information technology, e.g. 99·95.^[xvi] However, every bit the mid dot was already in common utilise in the mathematics globe to indicate multiplication, the SI rejected its utilise as the decimal separator.

During the beginning of British metrication in the tardily 1960s and with impending currency decimalisation, there was some debate in the United Kingdom every bit to whether the decimal comma or decimal point should exist preferred: the British Standards Institution and some sectors of industry advocated the comma and the Decimal Currency Board advocated for the point. In the upshot, the point was chosen by the Ministry of Technology in 1968.^[17]

When South Africa adopted the metric system, it adopted the comma as its decimal separator,^[18] although a number of house styles, including some English-linguistic communication newspapers such equally The Sunday Times, continue to use the full cease.^{[ citation needed ]}

The iii most spoken international auxiliary languages, Ido, Esperanto, and Interlingua, all use the comma as the decimal separator. Interlingua has used the comma as its decimal separator since the publication of the Interlingua Grammar in 1951.^[nineteen] Esperanto also uses the comma as its official decimal separator, while thousands are separated by non-breaking spaces: 12 345 678,9 . Ido's Kompleta Gramatiko Detaloza di la Linguo Internaciona Ido (Complete Detailed Grammer of the International Language Ido) officially states that commas are used for the decimal separator while total stops are used to separate thousands, millions, etc. So the number 12,345,678.90123 (in American notation) for instance, would exist written 12.345.678,90123 in Ido. The 1931 grammar of Volapük by Arie de Jong uses the comma as its decimal separator, and—somewhat unusually—uses the heart dot as the thousands separator (12·345·678,90123).^[20]

In 1958, disputes between European and American delegates over the correct representation of the decimal separator nearly stalled the development of the ALGOL computer programming language.^[21] ALGOL ended upwardly assuasive dissimilar decimal separators, but most estimator languages and standard data formats (e.g., C, Coffee, Fortran, Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)) specify a dot.

California milepost marking at mile 144.44

Previously, signs along California roads expressed distances in decimal numbers with the decimal role in superscript, as in 3 ⁷ , meaning 3.7.^[22] Though California has since transitioned to mixed numbers with mutual fractions, the older style remains on postmile markers and bridge inventory markers.

Radix point [edit]

In mathematics and computing, a radix point or radix character is a symbol used in the display of numbers to separate the integer function of the value from its fractional function. In English and many other languages (including many that are written right-to-left), the integer part is at the left of the radix point, and the fraction part at the right of information technology.^[23]

A radix point is almost often used in decimal (base 10) notation, when it is more commonly called the decimal indicate (the prefix deci- implying base 10). In English-speaking countries, the decimal point is usually a small dot (.) placed either on the baseline or halfway between the baseline and the summit of the digits^[24] In many other countries, the radix point is a comma (,) placed on the baseline.^[24] These conventions are generally used both in machine displays (printing, computer monitors) and in handwriting. It is of import to know which notation is being used when working in different software programs. The respective ISO standard defines both the comma and the small dot as decimal markers, merely does not explicitly define universal radix marks for bases other than 10.

Fractional numbers are rarely displayed in other number bases, simply, when they are, a radix character may be used for the aforementioned purpose. When used with the binary (base 2) representation, it may exist called "binary point".

Current standards [edit]

The 22nd General Conference on Weights and Measures declared in 2003 that "the symbol for the decimal mark shall exist either the signal on the line or the comma on the line". Information technology further reaffirmed that "numbers may be divided in groups of 3 in order to facilitate reading; neither dots nor commas are ever inserted in the spaces between groups"^[25] (e.k. 1000 000 000 ). This usage has therefore been recommended by technical organizations, such as the United states' National Constitute of Standards and Engineering science.^[26]

Past versions of ISO 8601, but non the 2019 revision, besides stipulated normative note based on SI conventions, adding that the comma is preferred over the full stop.^[27]

ISO 80000-1 stipulates that "The decimal sign is either a comma or a point on the line." The standard does not stipulate any preference, observing that usage volition depend on customary usage in the language concerned, only adds a annotation that as per ISO/IEC Directives all ISO standards should utilise the indicate decimal marking.

Digit grouping [edit]

For ease of reading, numbers with many digits may be divided into groups using a delimiter,^[28] such equally comma "," or dot ".", half-infinite (or sparse space) " ", space " ", underbar "_" (every bit in maritime "21_450") or apostrophe «'». In some countries, these "digit grouping separators" are only employed to the left of the decimal separator; in others, they are also used to separate numbers with a long fractional office. An important reason for grouping is that it allows rapid judgement of the number of digits, via subitizing (telling at a glance) rather than counting (contrast, for example, 100000 000 with 100000000 for i hundred million).

The apply of spaces equally separators non dots or commas (for case: 20000 and 1000 000 for "xx 1000" and "ane million") has been official policy of the International Agency of Weights and Measures since 1948 (and reaffirmed in 2003) stating "neither dots nor commas are ever inserted in the spaces between groups",^[29] too as by and the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemical science (IUPAC),^{[30] [31]} the American Medical Association'due south widely followed AMA Transmission of Style, and the Metrication Board, among others.

The groups created by the delimiters tend to follow the use of the local language, which varies. In European languages, large numbers are read in groups of thousands, and the delimiter—which occurs every three digits when it is used—may exist called a "thousands separator". In E Asian cultures, particularly Mainland china, Japan, and Korea, large numbers are read in groups of myriads (10,000s) just the delimiter normally separates every three digits.^{[ citation needed ]} The Indian numbering system is somewhat more than complex: it groups the rightmost iii digits together (until the hundreds identify) and thereafter groups by sets of two digits. For instance, one trillion would thus be written as ten,00,00,00,00,000 or 10 kharab.^[32]

The convention for digit group separators historically varied among countries, but usually seeking to distinguish the delimiter from the decimal separator. Traditionally, English-speaking countries employed commas as the delimiter – 10,000 – and other European countries employed periods or spaces: 10.000 or 10000 . Because of the confusion that could result in international documents, in recent years the apply of spaces as separators has been advocated by the superseded SI/ISO 31-0 standard,^[33] as well as by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures and the International Union of Pure and Practical Chemical science, which have as well begun advocating the use of a "thin space" in "groups of three".^{[30] [31]} Within the United States, the American Medical Association's widely followed AMA Manual of Way also calls for a thin space.^[28] In some online encoding environments (for example, ASCII-just) a thin space is not practical or bachelor, in which instance a regular word infinite or no delimiter are the alternatives.

Data versus mask [edit]

Digit group separators can occur either as office of the data or as a mask through which the data is displayed. This is an instance of the separation of presentation and content, making it possible to brandish numbers with spaced digit grouping in a way that does not insert whatsoever whitespace characters into the cord of digits in the content. In many calculating contexts, information technology is preferred to omit digit group separators from the data and instead overlay them as a mask (an input mask or an output mask). Common examples include spreadsheets and databases in which currency values are entered without such marks but are displayed with them inserted. (Similarly, phone numbers tin can have hyphens, spaces or parentheses as a mask rather than as data.) In web content, such digit grouping tin can be done with CSS style. It is useful because the number can be copied and pasted into calculators (including a web browser's omnibox) and parsed past the calculator as-is (i.e., without the user manually purging the extraneous characters). For example, Wikipedia content tin can display numbers this mode, equally in the following examples: 149597 870 700 metres is i astronomical unit, 3.1415926535 89793 23846 is π rounded to xx decimal places, and 2.7182818284 59045 23536 is e rounded to xx decimal places.

In some programming languages, it is possible to group the digits in the program's source lawmaking to make it easier to read; run into Integer literal: Digit separators. Ada, C# (from version 7.0), D, Haskell (from GHC version 8.6.i), Coffee, Kotlin,^[34] OCaml, Perl, Python (from version 3.6), PHP (from version 7.iv^[35]), Ruddy, Go (from version 1.xiii), Rust, Julia, and Swift utilise the underscore (_) character for this purpose; equally such, these languages allow 7 hundred 1000000 to be entered as 700_000_000. Fixed-form Fortran ignores whitespace (in all contexts), so 700 000 000 is permissible. C++14, Rebol, and Cherry allow the use of an apostrophe for digit group, and then 700'000'000 is permissible. Beneath is shown an example Kotlin code using separators to increment readability:

                                    val            exampleNumber            =            12            _004_953            // Twelve million four chiliad nine hundred l-three          

Exceptions to digit grouping [edit]

The International Bureau of Weights and Measures states that "when in that location are just four digits earlier or later the decimal marker, it is customary non to apply a space to isolate a single digit".^[thirty] As well, some manuals of style country that thousands separators should not be used in normal text for numbers from one,000 to 9,999 inclusive where no decimal fractional role is shown (in other words, for four-digit whole numbers), whereas others use thousands separators and others utilise both. For example, APA style stipulates a thousands separator for "virtually figures of ane,000 or more than" except for folio numbers, binary digits, temperatures, etc.

There are always "common-sense" land-specific exceptions to digit group, such as year numbers, postal codes, and ID numbers of predefined nongrouped format, which style guides commonly point out.

In non-base-ten numbering systems [edit]

In binary (base-2), a full infinite tin be used betwixt groups of four digits, corresponding to a crumb, or equivalently to a hexadecimal digit. For integer numbers, dots are used as well to divide groups of four bits.^[36] Alternatively, binary digits may exist grouped by threes, respective to an octal digit. Similarly, in hexadecimal (base-sixteen), full spaces are unremarkably used to grouping digits into twos, making each group correspond to a byte.^[37] Additionally, groups of eight bytes are oft separated by a hyphen.^[37]

Influence of calculators and computers [edit]

In countries with a decimal comma, the decimal point is also common equally the "international" notation because of the influence of devices, such as electronic calculators, which use the decimal point. Nearly computer operating systems let selection of the decimal separator; programs that have been advisedly internationalized will follow this, but some programs ignore it and a few may even neglect to operate if the setting has been inverse.

Computer interfaces may be prepare to the Unicode international "Common locale" using "LC_NUMERIC=C" as defined at http://cldr.unicode.org/. Details of the current (2020) definitions may be found here.

Usage worldwide [edit]

Hindu–Arabic numerals [edit]

Decimal separators:

 Dot (.)

 Comma (,)

 Both (may vary past location or other factors)

 Data unavailable

Countries using decimal comma [edit]

Countries where a comma "," is used as decimal separator include:

• Albania
• Algeria
• Principality of andorra
• Republic of angola
• Argentina
• Armenia
• Republic of austria
• Republic of azerbaijan
• Belarus
• Belgium
• Bolivia
• Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Brazil
• Bulgaria^[a]
• Cameroon
• Canada (when using French)
• Chile
• Colombia
• Costa Rica
• Croatia
• Cuba
• Cyprus
• Czechia
• Denmark
• East timor
• Ecuador
• Estonia
• Faroes
• Finland
• France
• Germany
• Georgia
• Hellenic republic
• Greenland
• Republic of hungary
• Iceland
• Indonesia
• Italy
• Republic of kazakhstan
• Kosovo
• Kyrgyzstan
• Latvia
• Lebanese republic
• Lithuania
• Grand duchy of luxembourg (uses both marks officially)
• Macau (in Portuguese text)
• Mauritania
• Moldova
• Mongolia
• Montenegro
• Morocco
• Mozambique
• Namibia (uses both marks)^[38]
• Holland
• Due north Macedonia
• Kingdom of norway
• Paraguay
• Peru^[39]
• Poland
• Portugal
• Romania
• Russian federation
• Serbia
• Slovakia
• Slovenia
• Somalia
• Southward Africa^{[40] [41]}
• Kingdom of spain^[b]
• Suriname
• Sweden^[b]
• Switzerland ^[c]
• Tunisia
• Turkey
• Turkmenistan
• Ukraine
• Uruguay
• Uzbekistan
• Venezuela
• Vietnam
• Republic of zimbabwe

Countries using decimal point [edit]

Countries where a dot "." is used as decimal separator include:

• Australia
• Bangladesh
• Botswana
• British West Indies
• Cambodia
• Canada (when using English)
• Prc
• Dominican Commonwealth
• Egypt
• Republic of el salvador
• Republic of estonia
• Ethiopia
• Ghana
• Guatemala
• Guyana
• Republic of honduras
• Hong Kong
• India
• Ireland
• State of israel
• Jamaica
• Japan
• Jordan
• Kenya
• Korea, North
• Korea, South
• Libya
• Principality of liechtenstein
• Luxembourg (uses both marks officially)
• Macau (in Chinese and English text)
• Malaysia
• Republic of the maldives
• Malta
• Mexico
• Myanmar
• Namibia (uses both marks)
• Nepal
• New Zealand
• Nicaragua
• Nigeria
• Islamic republic of pakistan
• Panama
• Peru (currency numbers only)
• Philippines
• Qatar
• Saudi Arabia
• Singapore
• Somalia
• Sri Lanka
• Switzerland^[c]
• Syria
• Taiwan
• Tanzania
• Thailand^[b]
• Republic of uganda
• United Arab Emirates
• United Kingdom
• United States (including insular areas)

1. ^ The comma as a decimal separator is the national literary convention, but many places use the dot as decimal seperator due to prevalence of imported tech that internally uses dot as the decimal separator (because the tech usually utilizes the dot decimal separator convention of the country where information technology was made, which is mostly USA-&-ASCII-oriented, or is made in China where the dot is utilized as a decimal separator). To sum upwards, the comma is the conventional decimal separator in Bulgaria, merely both the comma and the dot are in de facto usage.
2. ^ ^{a b c} According to several software developers.^{[44] [45]}
3. ^ ^{a b} The decimal signal is used in some cantons (for example the Canton of St. Gallen^[42]) and is used in IT and for currency. The decimal comma is used for federal publications^[43] and some cantons.

Other numeral systems [edit]

Unicode defines a decimal separator key symbol (⎖ in hex U+2396, decimal 9110) which looks like to the apostrophe. This symbol is from ISO/IEC 9995 and is intended for use on a keyboard to indicate a key that performs decimal separation.

In the Arab world, where Eastern Standard arabic numerals are used for writing numbers, a dissimilar grapheme is used to separate the integer and fractional parts of numbers. Information technology is referred to as an Arabic decimal separator (U+066B, rendered: ٫‎) in Unicode. An Arabic thousands separator (U+066C, rendered: ٬‎) also exists. Example: ۹٬۹۹۹٫۹۹‎ (9,999.99)

In Persian, the decimal separator is chosen momayyez. The Unicode Consortium's investigation has concluded that "computer programs should return U+066B as a shortened, lowered, and perchance more slanted slash (٫); this should be distinguishable from the slash at the start sight." To separate sequences of three digits, an Arabic thousands separator (rendered as: ٬), a Latin comma, or a blank space may exist used; nonetheless this is not a standard.^{[46] [47] [48]} Example: ۹٬۹۹۹٫۹۹ (9,999.99)

In English language Braille, the decimal point, ⠨, is distinct from both the comma, ⠂, and the total stop, ⠲.

Examples of use [edit]

The following examples show the decimal separator and the thousands separator in various countries that use the Arabic numeral system.

Style	Countries and regions
1,234,567.89	Australia,[49] [50] Cambodia, Canada (English-speaking; unofficial), China, Hong Kong, Iran, Ireland, State of israel, Japan, Korea, Macau (in Chinese and English text), Malaysia, Malta, Mexico, Namibia, New Zealand, Pakistan, Republic of peru (currency numbers), Philippines, Singapore, South Africa (English-speaking; unofficial), Taiwan, Thailand, Britain and other Republic states (except Mozambique), United States.
1234 567.89	SI style (English version), Canada (English-speaking; official), Red china, Estonia (currency numbers), Hong Kong (in education), Namibia, South Africa (English-speaking: official), Sri Lanka, Switzerland (officially encouraged for currency numbers just[51]), U.k. (in education), United States (in education).
1234 567,89	SI style (French version), Albania, Belgium (French), Republic of bulgaria, Canada (French-speaking), Republic of costa rica,[52] Croatia[53] Czechia, Estonia, Republic of finland, France, Hungary, Italy (in teaching), Kosovo, Latin Europe, Republic of latvia, Lithuania, Macau (in Portuguese text), Mozambique, Norway, Republic of peru, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Southward Africa (in Afrikaans text), Spain (official utilise since 2010, according to the RAE), Sweden, Switzerland (officially encouraged, except currency numbers[51]), Ukraine, Vietnam (in education).
one,234,567·89	Malaysia, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore, Britain (older, typically handwritten; in didactics)
1,234.567,89	Republic of croatia (alternative to spaces; commas and periods alternating with powers of k)[53]
1.234.567,89	Argentine republic, Austria, Belgium (Dutch), Republic of bosnia and herzegovina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Croatia (informal), Denmark, Germany, Greece, Indonesia, Italy, Netherlands, Romania, Slovenia, Serbia (breezy), Spain (used until 2010, inadvisable apply according to the RAE),[54] [55] Turkey, Uruguay, Vietnam.
12,34,567.89	Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan (encounter Indian Numbering System).
1234 567.89	Bangladesh, Bharat, Nepal, Pakistan (see Indian Numbering System).
1'234'567.89	Switzerland (computing), Liechtenstein.
1'234'567,89	Switzerland (handwriting), Italy (handwriting).
1.234.567'89	Spain (handwriting, used until 1980s, inadvisable use according to the RAE).
123,4567.89	China (based on powers of 10 000—see Chinese numerals[ citation needed ]).
1234567.89	China (based on powers of 10 000—see Chinese numerals[ citation needed ]).

• In Albania, Kingdom of belgium (French), Republic of estonia, Finland,^[56] French republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and much of Latin Europe as well as French Canada: one234 567,89 (In Spain, in handwriting it is also common to use an upper comma: 1.234.567'89)^{[ commendation needed ]}
• In Belgium (Dutch), Brazil, Denmark, Deutschland, Hellenic republic, Indonesia, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovenia, Sweden and much of Europe: 1234 567,89 or ane.234.567,89. In handwriting, 1˙234˙567,89 is also seen, but never in Belgium, Brazil, Denmark, Estonia, Deutschland, the Netherlands, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovenia or Sweden. In Italian republic, a straight apostrophe is also used in handwriting: ane'234'567,89. In holland and Dutch-speaking Belgium, the points thousands separator is used, and is preferred for currency amounts, merely the space is recommended by some way guides, mostly in technical writing.^[57]
• In Estonia, currency numbers often use a dot "." as the decimal separator, and a space every bit a thousands separator. This is most visible on shopping receipts and in documents that also use other numbers with decimals, such as measurements. This practice is used to better distinguish between prices and other values with decimals. An older convention uses dots to divide thousands (with commas for decimals) — this older do makes it easier to avoid word breaks with larger numbers.
• Historically, in Federal republic of germany and Austria, thousands separators were occasionally denoted by alternating uses of comma and point, e.g. 1.234,567.890,12^{[58] [59]} for "eine Milliarde 234 Millionen ...", but this is never seen in mod days and requires explanation to a contemporary German reader.
• Switzerland: At that place are 2 cases: An apostrophe every bit a thousands separator forth with a dot "." equally the decimal separator are used for currency values (for instance: 1'234'567.89). For other values, the SI-style 1234 567,89 is used with a comma "," equally the decimal separator. The apostrophe is also the nigh common variety for not-currency values: ane'234'567,89 — though this usage is officially discouraged.
• In Ireland, State of israel, Nippon, Korea (both), Malaysia, New Zealand, the Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, the United Kingdom, and the United States: one,234,567.89 or 1,234,567·89; the latter is by and large establish only in older, and specially handwritten documents.
• English Canada: There are two cases: The preferred method for currency values is $10,000.00 —while for numeric values, it is 1234 567.89 ; notwithstanding, commas are also sometimes used, although no longer taught in schoolhouse or used in official publications.^{[ citation needed ]}
• SI manner: ane234 567.89 or i234 567,89 (in their own publications, the dot "." is used in the English version, and the comma "," in the official French version).
• In People's republic of china, comma and space are used to marker digit groups, considering dot is used as decimal separator. There is no universal convention on digit grouping, so both thousands grouping and no digit group can exist institute. Japan and Taiwan are similar; although when group by myriads, kanji or characters are frequently used as separators: 1億2345万6789 / 1億2345萬6789. Commas are used when grouping by thousands.
• In Bharat, due to a numeral arrangement using lakhs (lacs) (1,23,456 equal to 123,456) and crores (1,23,45,678 equal to 12,345,678), a comma is used at levels of chiliad, lakh, and crore. For instance, 10 one thousand thousand (ane crore) would be written as one,00,00,000. In Pakistan, in that location is a greater tendency to use the standard western system, while using the Indian numbering arrangement when conducting business in Urdu.

Indian Value	Value
One	i
Ten	ten
Hundred	100
Thousand	one,000
Lakh	i,00,000
Crore	1,00,00,000
Arab (not normally used)	1,00,00,00,000
Kharab (not normally used)	i,00,00,00,00,000
Lakh Crore	10,00,00,00,00,000

Unicode characters [edit]

Used with Western Arabic numerals (0123456789):

• U+0020 SPACE (HTML )
• U+0027 ' APOSTROPHE (HTML'· ')
• U+002C , COMMA (HTML,· ,)
• U+002E . Total Finish (HTML.· .) - Full stop punctuation mark.
• U+00B7 · MIDDLE DOT (HTML·· ·, ·, ·)
• U+2009 THIN SPACE (HTML ·  ,  )
• U+202F NARROW NO-BREAK SPACE (HTML )
• U+02D9 ˙ DOT ABOVE (HTML˙· ˙, ˙)

Used with Eastern Arabic numerals (٠١٢٣٤٥٦٧٨٩):

• U+066B ٫ ARABIC DECIMAL SEPARATOR (HTML٫)
• U+066C ٬ Arabic THOUSANDS SEPARATOR (HTML٬)

Used with keyboards:

• U+2396 ⎖ DECIMAL SEPARATOR KEY SYMBOL (HTML⎖) (resembles an apostrophe)

See besides [edit]

• Algorism
• Cifrão
• Decimal floating bespeak
• Decimal identify
• Decimal representation
• Decimal department numbering
• Dot-decimal notation
• International System of Units
• ISO 2145
• RKM code
• Version numbering

References [edit]

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2. ^ ^{a b} Weisstein, Eric West. "Decimal Point". mathworld.wolfram.com . Retrieved 2020-08-22 .
3. ^ "decimal point Meaning in the Cambridge English Lexicon". lexicon.cambridge.org . Retrieved 2018-07-05 .
4. ^ "How to Change Excel's Decimal Separators from Periods to Commas". Retrieved 2018-07-05 .
5. ^ "Decimal Separators: Points or commas? - Elementary Math". Elementary Math. 2018-01-19. Retrieved 2018-07-05 .
6. ^ "Definition of Decimal Indicate". www.mathsisfun.com . Retrieved 2020-08-22 .
7. ^ "Mythematics: a decimal indicate". Grammarphobia. 2012-02-17. Retrieved 2018-07-05 .
8. ^ "separatrix, n.", Oxford English Lexicon, Oxford: Oxford University Press
9. ^ Berggren, J. Lennart (2007). "Mathematics in Medieval Islam". In Katz, Victor J. (ed.). The Mathematics of Egypt, Mesopotamia, China, India, and Islam: A Sourcebook. Princeton University Press. p. 530. ISBN978-0-691-11485-9.
10. ^ Reimer, L., and Reimer, Due west. Mathematicians Are People, Too: Stories from the Lives of Great Mathematicians, Vol. two. 1995. pp. 22-22. Parsippany, NJ: Pearson ducation, Inc. as Dale Seymor Publications. ISBN 0-86651-823-1.
11. ^ Khwarizmi, Abu Jafar Muhammad ibn Musa al-, Oxford Islamic Studies Online
12. ^ Devlin, Keith (2011). The Man of Numbers: Fibonacci's Arithmetic Revolution . New York: Walker & Visitor. pp. 44–45. ISBN9780802779083.
13. ^ ^{a b} Enciclopedia Universal Santillana, 1996 by SANTILLANA S.A., Barcelona, Kingdom of spain. ISBN 84-294-5129-three. Comma, def.ii: "blackout: MAT. Signo utilizado en los números no enteros para separar la parte entera de la parte decimal o fraccionaria; p.ej., 2,123."
14. ^ "ISO 80000-2:2009". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 1 July 2010.
15. ^ Thomas Henderson (1839-01-03). "On the Parallax of α Centauri". Memoirs of the Royal Astronomical Social club, Vol. 11, P. 64. 11: 61. Bibcode:1840MmRAS..11...61H. – Scan published past Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
16. ^ Reimer, L., and Reimer, W. Mathematicians Are People, Too: Stories from the Lives of Smashing Mathematicians, Vol. 1. 1990 p. 41. Parsippany, NJ: Pearson Teaching, Inc. as Dale Seymor Publications. ISBN 0-86651-509-seven.
17. ^ "Victory on Points". Nature. 218 (5137): 111. 1968. Bibcode:1968Natur.218S.111.. doi:10.1038/218111c0.
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22. ^ AndyMax25 (May 1, 2015). "Tenths To Fractions". AARoads . Retrieved July 7, 2019.
23. ^ Van Verth, James Yard.; Bishop, Lars Chiliad. (2008), Essential Mathematics for Games and Interactive Applications: A Developer's Guide (second ed.), CRC Press, p. seven, ISBN9780123742971 .
24. ^ ^{a b} "International Language Environments Guide". Oracle Corporation Docs. Archived from the original (html) on 15 January 2012. Retrieved 19 Dec 2018. Great Britain and the United states of america are two of the few places in the world that use a catamenia to indicate the decimal place. Many other countries use a comma instead. The decimal separator is besides called the radix character. As well, while the U.K. and U.S. use a comma to separate groups of thousands, many other countries utilize a period instead [...]
25. ^ "Resolution 10 of the 22nd CGPM". Bureau International des Poids et Measures. 2003. Retrieved 2022-01-21 .
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27. ^ "ISO/FDIS 8601:2000(E) Data elements and interchange formats — Information interchange — Representation of dates and times: section 5.3.one.3" (PDF). International Standards Organisation. 2000. p. 15. Retrieved viii January 2019.
28. ^ ^{a b} Iverson, Cheryl, et al. (eds) (2007). AMA Manual of Fashion (10th ed.). Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press. p. 793. ISBN978-0-19-517633-9.
29. ^ "Resolution 10 of the 22nd CGPM". BIPM. Retrieved 2019-05-01 .
30. ^ ^{a b c} International Bureau of Weights and Measures. "Rules and style conventions for expressing values of quantities": "[i]".
31. ^ ^{a b} "Guidelines for drafting IUPAC technical reports and recommendations". 2007. Retrieved 2008-11-27 .
32. ^ Emmons, John (2018-03-25). "UNICODE LOCALE Data MARKUP LANGUAGE (LDML) Part 3: NUMBERS". Unicode.org. Archived from the original on 2018-07-25. Retrieved 2018-03-25 .
33. ^ "Decimals Score a Point on International Standards". 2006-xi-22. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2008-xi-27 .
34. ^ "Basic types | Kotlin".
35. ^ "PHP: New Features - Numeric literal separator". The PHP Group. Retrieved 2020-07-16 .
36. ^ As an instance, the DR-DOS DEBUG H command displays the entered number in hexadecimal, decimal, octal and binary annotation:

    -h 1234 1234 #4660 \011064 %0001.0010.0011.0100

37. ^ ^{a b} As an instance, the DR-DOS DEBUG D command dumps the retention byte-wise in hexadecimal notation with bytes separated by spaces and groups of eight bytes separated by hyphens:

                                            -d                    0                    1234                    :                    0000                    57                    69                    6B                    69                    70                    65                    64                    69                    -                    61                    20                    68                    65                    6C                    seventy                    73                    21                    Wikipedia helps!                  

38. ^ "AirNam board endorses aircraft buy plan". Republic of Namibia, Ministry of Public Enterprises . Retrieved 30 Jan 2018. The cost per shipping was estimated at between N$xix,five million and N$26 million.
39. ^ "DECRETO SUPREMO Nº 064-84-ITI/IND" (PDF). Instituto Nacional de Calidad (INACAL) . Retrieved 23 March 2019. La escritura de los números se hará utilizando las cifras arábigas y la numeración decimal, y en ella se separará la parte entera de la decimal mediante una blackout (,).
40. ^ GCIS (2011). Editorial Way Guide (PDF). Pretoria: Government Communications & Information System. p. 24. Retrieved 2018-01-30 . * Write decimal and negative numbers equally numerals: three,3 and –4. Use the decimal comma, not the decimal point: 17,4 meg. [...] * Use a space, not commas, to betoken thousands: 3 000, twenty 000.
41. ^ MacLean, Robert. "How to correctly format currency in Southward Africa?". Retrieved four February 2018.
    
42. ^ Lehrplan Fachbereich Mathematik Archived 2017-03-23 at the Wayback Machine, p. 14 (PDF; ≈ 257 kB) – from schule.sg.ch (german)
43. ^ Schreibweisungen; 514: Dezimalkomma und Dezimalpunkt Archived 2017-01-22 at the Wayback Car – Issuer: Federal Chancellery of Switzerland, 2nd issue 2013, p. 80 (German).
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46. ^ Pournader, Roozbeh (2000-10-15). "Persian decimal separator". Unicode Post Listing Annal. Unicode Consortium. Retrieved 2008-06-21 .
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51. ^ ^{a b} "Schreibweisungen, second edition 2013". Schweizer Bundeskanzlei. June 2013. Archived from the original on 28 January 2015.
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53. ^ ^{a b} Babić, Stjepan; Finka, Božidar; Moguš, Milan. Hrvatski pravopis (1995), Školska knjiga, Zagreb, p.136
54. ^ Diccionario panhispánico de dudas, when writing numbers more than four figures, these volition be grouped into threes, starting from the right, and separating the groups past whitespace. (Exceptions: Never written with periods, commas or white separation numbers that refer to years, pages, verses, urban roads, postal codes, legal articles, decrees or laws.)
55. ^ Ortografía de la lengua española, For the purpose of promoting a procedure tending towards unification, the use of the point as decimal separator is recommended.
56. ^ "Luvut ja numerot: numeroiden ryhmittely". Kielitoimiston ohjepankki (in Finnish). Retrieved 2018-06-27 .
57. ^ Taalunieversum. "10.000.000 / 10 000 000". Retrieved ane September 2017.
58. ^ Röll. "Union Pacific-Eisenbahn". Enzyklopädie des Eisenbahnwesens . Retrieved 26 August 2014. , entry "Union Pacific-Eisenbahn", largest numbers in table
59. ^ Röll. "Bilanz". Enzyklopädie des Eisenbahnwesens . Retrieved 26 August 2014. , entry "Bilanz", sums in last table

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decimal_separator